Size and Price Metrics

    EV to EBITDA

    Enterprise Value to EBITDA

    EV to EBITDA compares the total cost of acquiring a business, debt included, with its operating earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation.

    Formula

    EV/EBITDA

    EV/EBITDA = Enterprise Value ÷ EBITDA

    EBITDA

    EBITDA = Operating Profit + Depreciation + Amortisation

    Benchmark: Compare within the sector; capital-light businesses command higher multiples

    Reading the number

    PE compares the price of the equity with profit after interest and tax. EV/EBITDA compares the price of the whole business, debt and all, with profit before financing and accounting charges. That makes it the fairer multiple when comparing a debt-heavy company with a debt-free one, or companies with very different depreciation policies, or companies in different tax situations.

    It is the standard multiple for acquisitions, for capital-intensive sectors such as cement, steel, telecom, and power, and for comparing companies across countries. A lower multiple is cheaper, but only against peers with similar growth and capital needs.

    Indian example

    Related ratios