International bodies

    United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

    The UN treaty and secretariat under which countries negotiate climate action, including the Paris Agreement.

    Official site

    Background

    The UNFCCC was adopted in 1992. Its parties meet each year at the Conference of the Parties (COP).

    Scope and powers

    The Paris Agreement of 2015, under the UNFCCC, asks every country to set nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and to update them over time. Article 6 sets rules for international carbon markets, and the global stocktake reviews collective progress.

    Investor relevance

    Country commitments made under the UNFCCC drive national policies such as India's CCTS, renewable targets and net zero by 2070.

    Related guides

    Key glossary terms

    Last reviewed: October 2026