10 pages carry this tag.
When the RBI changes rates, most people think about loan EMIs. For companies, rates arrive through four separate doors, and the one that matters most for share prices is often not the interest bill.
A DCF is not a formula you feed numbers into. It is a story about a business, written in cash flows. This walk-through builds one step by step.
Analysts spend hours forecasting five years of cash flows, yet most of a DCF's answer usually comes from one number at the end. Here is why, and what to do about it.
WACC looks like a precise input, but it is built from four estimates, each with a range. A one-point change can move a value by 10% to 25%, depending on when the company's cash arrives.
Climate risk is often treated as a reputational issue. For lenders and investors, it is increasingly a financial one, showing up in cash flows, borrowing costs and the price of equity.
Every company claims a competitive advantage. A real one shows up in the numbers as returns above the cost of capital that last for years. Here is how to tell the difference.
Why ₹100 today is worth more than ₹100 next year: future value, present value, NPV, annuities, compounding and perpetuities, with the formulas.
Estimating the cost of equity with CAPM, the after-tax cost of debt and WACC for an Indian company, with a worked example.
How companies choose between debt and equity: Modigliani-Miller, trade-off and pecking order theories, leverage metrics and the Indian context.
Compute the weighted average cost of capital from equity and debt weights, their costs, and the tax rate.
Related topics: Valuation, DCF, Relative valuation, Financial statements, Cash flow, Earnings quality, Red flags, Ratios
