12 pages carry this tag.
On 7 October 2026, the RBI raised its policy rate by 25 basis points. For most companies that is a rounding error. For a heavily indebted one, it is the start of a much bigger story.
Airlines earn tens of thousands of crores in revenue and often keep a few percent of it. The gap between revenue and cost per seat-kilometre explains why, and 2026 showed how fast it can close.
Return on equity is one number, but it is built from three. Until you split it apart, a high ROE and a fragile ROE look exactly the same.
How companies choose between debt and equity: Modigliani-Miller, trade-off and pecking order theories, leverage metrics and the Indian context.
Can a company survive the long run? Net debt to EBITDA, debt to equity, interest coverage, DSCR, the Altman Z-score and covenant headroom.
The debt to equity ratio compares borrowed money with shareholders' money. It shows how much of the business is financed by lenders who must be paid whether or not there is profit.
Interest coverage shows how many times over a company can pay its interest bill out of operating profit.
The quick ratio checks whether a company holds enough cash and liquid investments to pay the obligations coming due in the next few months, even in an emergency.
The current ratio compares everything a company expects to turn into cash within a year with everything it must pay within a year. It is the broadest measure of short-term solvency.
Net debt to EBITDA tells you how many years of operating cash profit it would take to repay all borrowings, net of cash on hand. It is the leverage measure lenders and rating agencies actually use.
A measure of how much a company has borrowed for every rupee of shareholders' equity. It shows how far the business is funded by lenders rather than by its owners.
How many times a company's operating profit covers the interest it must pay. The higher the number, the more easily the company can service its debt.
Related topics: Valuation, DCF, Relative valuation, Cost of capital, Financial statements, Cash flow, Earnings quality, Red flags
