Avoided emissions
ESG & GovernanceEmissions that a product or service helps others avoid, compared with a reference case, such as the emissions saved when a customer replaces a diesel generator with solar power.
Avoided emissions are sometimes called "Scope 4". They are reported separately from a company's own Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions and must not be subtracted from them. Because they depend on a chosen comparison, they are easy to overstate. The GHG Protocol has consulted on guidance to make such claims more consistent.
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