Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)

MoEFCC is the central ministry for environment, forests and climate policy. The Central Pollution Control Board works under it.

MoEFCC administers the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, environmental clearances for projects, and Extended Producer Responsibility rules for plastic packaging, e-waste, batteries, tyres, used oil and end-of-life vehicles. It runs the Green Credit Programme, sets emission rules such as the July 2025 sulphur dioxide norms for thermal plants, and leads India's work under the UNFCCC.

Its rules turn pollution, waste and land use into costs, capex and project risks. Environmental clearance delays and EPR targets are frequent value drivers in industrial sectors.