Forced labour

    ESG & Governance

    Work done under threat or coercion, which the worker has not freely agreed to, including bonded labour tied to debt.

    Signs include withheld wages or identity documents, debts owed to employers or agents, restricted movement and excessive overtime. In India, bonded labour is banned under the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976, but remains a risk in sectors such as brick kilns and some agriculture. Goods linked to forced labour can face import bans in some markets.

    Related terms

    Child labourHuman rights due diligenceUN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs)

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