Sustainability

    ESG & Governance

    Meeting today's needs without reducing the ability of future generations to meet theirs.

    Sustainability is the broadest idea in this area. The best-known definition comes from the UN's 1987 Brundtland Report. For a company, it describes a way of doing business that can continue over the long term without exhausting the people, resources and environment it depends on. Sustainability is a direction rather than a measurement, so the word on its own says little. Look for specific targets and data behind any claim that a product or company is "sustainable".

    Related terms

    ESG (environmental, social and governance)CSR (corporate social responsibility)Triple bottom lineGreenwashing

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    From the research

    Valuation

    A Comparative Financial Analysis of Three Listed Companies

    Three IT services leaders, five years of numbers: similar growth, very different margins and returns on capital, and their October 2026 valuations.

    Markets

    IPO Issue Price vs. Listing Price vs. Subsequent Performance

    Seven of India's most talked-about IPOs since 2021, tracked from issue price to listing to October 2026. Buying on listing day lost money in six of seven.

    Valuation

    Paytm: Valuing a Company With No Clean Comparable

    Paytm is part payments processor, part device business, part loan distributor. Why no single peer fits, and how to value it in parts and in reverse.