12 pages carry this tag.
Paytm does not fit neatly next to a bank, a payments processor or a consumer internet company. When no single peer works, valuation has to be done in parts, and in reverse.
How India pays: RTGS, NEFT, IMPS and UPI, card networks, wallets, payment aggregators and gateways, and the economics of the MDR.
How digital lending works in India: balance sheet, marketplace and co-lending models, FLDG, the RBI's lending service provider rules and unit economics.
How credit scores predict default: CIBIL and other bureau scores, internal scorecards, alternative data for thin-file borrowers, and the risks it brings.
Blockchain and DeFi in plain terms: distributed ledgers, consensus, smart contracts and tokens, India's digital rupee, regulation and DeFi risks.
The main cyber threats to banks and markets, from phishing and ransomware to API attacks, and India's RBI, SEBI, CERT-In and DPDP Act rules.
How India's account aggregator framework lets people share financial data by consent: the roles of FIPs, FIUs and AAs, the consent flow and lending uses.
India's real-time, interoperable bank-to-bank payment system operated by NPCI. It lets any app move money instantly between accounts using simple identifiers.
A digital form of sovereign currency issued by the RBI, piloted as the e-rupee in retail and wholesale segments. Unlike cryptocurrency, it is central-bank money.
Platforms that match individual lenders directly with borrowers, regulated in India as NBFC-P2P entities with caps on exposure per lender and borrower.
A licensed intermediary that lets merchants accept many payment methods without direct bank integrations, holding funds briefly in escrow during settlement.
The mandatory identity-verification process for financial accounts, using documents such as PAN and Aadhaar, increasingly completed digitally through video or Aadhaar-based flows.
Related topics: Valuation, DCF, Relative valuation, Cost of capital, Financial statements, Cash flow, Earnings quality, Red flags
